ABSTRACT
Interferential current (IFC) is a common electrotherapeutic modality used to treat pain. Although IFC is widely used, the available information regarding its clinical efficacy is debatable. This study was conducted to determine the effect of Interferential current (IFC) on primary dysmenorrhea. Twenty women complaining from primary dysmenorrhea (diagnosed by gynecologist/ physician) from outpatient clinic of Dar- Elshefah Hospital, Riyadh – Saudi Arabia shared in this study. Their ages ranged from 18 to 29 years old. Primary dysmenorrhea was evaluated by visual analog pain scale and the serum cortisol level before performing interferential current IFC sessions during menses. The obtained results showed a statistically significant difference of effect of interferential current on primary dysmenorrhea. It could be concluded that IFC has a relieving effect on primary dysmenorrheal pain. However, it is unknown whether the analgesic effect of IFC is superior to that of the concomitant interventions and further research is warranted.
KEY WORDS: Primary dysmenorrhea- Interferential current- - cortisol level.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study to determine the nutritional , mineral and antioxidant properties of two species of mushrooms Amanita caesaria and Amanita loosii, collected from dry deciduous forest of Odisha India. These edible mushrooms were analysed in terms of macro and micronutrient, mineral contents and antioxidant properties through various biochemical and spectrophotometrical analysis. Antioxidant properties were determined by evaluating the presence of phenolic content, ascorbic acid, carotenoids and flavonoids. The average protein content ranged 3.13 – 8.66 mg/gm. And carbohydrate ranged 23.61-26.00 g/100g were found. Both mushrooms have exhibited 72-73 % DPPH scavenging activity. More amounts of Fe and Zn found in Amanita caesaria as compared to A. loosii. The examined mushroom species were rich in protein and carbohydrate. The variations in both edible mushrooms are attributed to different species and/or growth stages. Results obtained through various nutritional and biochemical analysis b exhibited the exploitable potential of these species for cultivation and commercialization.

KEY WORDS: Distribution, Antioxidants, Amanita.

ABSTRACT
An ethnobotanical survey was undertaken to collect information from rural communities about the use of medicinal plants in Pudukkottai District. Rural people use certain folklore medicinal plants for the treatment of Jaundice and snake bites. The Knowledge about the medicinal plants has been transmitted orally from generation. The investigations revealed that there are about 17 species of plants to treat Jaundice and Snake bites. Jaundice and snake bites are the common problems among the rural communities. The study indicates that the local inhabitants rely on medicinal plants for treatment.
KEY WORDS: Snake bites, Jaundice, Medicinal plants, Ethnobotany, Rural peoples.

ABSTRACT
Root canal irrigants play an indispensable role for the complete disinfection of the root canal system, in particular
those areas of the root canal that are not accessible for instrumentation. Modern, biologic root canal therapy should be
performed with suitable irrigating solutions and intracanal medicaments. The goal of endodontic treatment is to free the
treated tooth from infection and prevent re infection as thoroughly as possible by means which do not put the organism atrisk. Sodium hypochlorite, ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide and chlorhexidine are the most
commonly used root canal irrigants in endodontic practice, but they do not satisfy all the properties of an ideal root canal
irrigant. Newer irrigants such as MTAD, tetraclean, ozonated water, photon activated disinfection have arrived in the
market & are commercially available. In this review article, the specifics of the pulpal microenvironment and the resulting
requirements for irrigating solutions are spelled out. In this review of the literature, an evidence-based concept for
irrigation and medication of root canal systems is presented. Irrigants and medicaments are discussed with respect to theirantimicrobial, tissue-dissolving and endotoxin-decontaminating capacity in relation to their systemic toxicity.
KEY WORDS: Irrigants, Chelators, Chlorhexidine, EDTA, Sodium hypochlorite, MTAD etc

ABSTRACT
Migraine is a very common neurobiological headache disorder that is caused by increased excitability of the CNS. Diagnosis is based on the headache\'s characteristics and associated symptoms. It affects patients\' quality of life and impairs work, social activities, and family life. According to WHO, migraine is ranked as 19 along with all the disabling diseases. We have conducted survey on awareness and prevalence of migraine having the sample size of 200. Women are more prone to migraine attacks than men. Sensitivity to light and sound is found to be most common symptoms along with triggering factor of stress and poor sleep. Migraine is chronic daily headache which is severe, common and major health problem .It is highly aggravating which merits increased attention. With the increase in development of effective medications for migraines it is essential for healthcare provider to perform differential diagnosis between migraine and other types of headache and prescribe proper medication for migraine and to encourage patients to inform about the type of headaches.
KEY WORDS: Migraine, Headache, Photophobia, Phonophobia.

ABSTRACT
Qualitative phytochemical screening of Erythroxylum moonii, Henckelia humboldtiana and Cipadessa baccifera were carried out in ethanolic and aqueous media. The study confirms the presence of secondary metabolites such as saponins, terpenoids, steroids, tannin, alkaloids, flavonoids and phenols. The result suggests that the phytochemical properties for curing various ailments possess potential, antimicrobial and antioxidant and leads to the isolation of new and novel compounds.
Key words: Phytochemicals, Antimicrobials, Antioxidant, Secondary Metabolites.

ABSTRACT
Oral drug delivery remains the preferred route for administration of various drugs. Solid dosage forms are popular because of ease of administration, accurate dosage, self-medication, and most importantly the patient compliance. Fast dissolving tablets were prepared by using different concentrations of superdisintegrants. They were prepared by direct compression and wet granulation using superdisintegrants. The Lacosamide was analyzed for spectral (IR, UV, DSC, XRD) properties. The obtained results of Lacosamide were concordant with reference specifications like IR, DSC, and XRD. The results showed that there was no interaction between the drug Lacosamide and the polymers i.e. sodium starch glycolate, Crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium, pregelatinized starch and Low-density hydroxypropyl cellulose.
KEY WORDS: Fast Dispersable Tablet, Lacosamide, In Vitro dispersion.

ABSTRACT
An efficient dairy enterprise combines profitability with the responsibility of protecting human health, animal health, and environment. The primary producers in the supply chain must be given the opportunity to add value to their product by satisfying the demands of processors and customers. Thus, an individual dairy farmer needs to be armed with the knowledge as to how to achieve this at a practical farm level.
KEY WORDS: GAP / GMP, Milk Production.

ABSTRACT

Malaria, Enteric fever and Dengue still remain diseases of major public health importance in tropics. The individuals from endemic areas and also these three infections are classified under pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO). Laboratory diagnosis of Malaria, Enteric fever and Dengue infections by utilizing Peripheral Smear (PS), Slide agglutination test (WIDAL) and Rapid immunochromatography test (NS1R-ICT) respectively in PUO cases. Material and The laboratory records of clinically suspected PUO cases from January to August 2014 were analyzed retrospectively and tests were performed by following the manufacturer’s instructions. Result: In the present study the majority of PUO cases are diagnosed as Dengue (23.33%) followed by Enteric fever (12.63%) and Malaria (0.47%). These tests should be a useful aid in confirming the clinical diagnosis of PUO. The WIDAL test has significant role in pyrexia evaluation. Both Malaria and Dengue could be controlled by vector (Mosquitoes) with good personal and environmental hygiene.

KEY WORDS: Pyrexia of Unknown Origin (PUO) and Rapid immunochromatography test (NS1R -ICT).

ABSTRACT
In the present study, the anti-diabetic action of fucoidan extracted from Padina distromatica Hauck in Hare Island, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India was evaluated. Anti-diabetic property of fucoidan was tested by the inhibitory effect of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Different concentrations of fucoidan such as 25, 50, 75 and 100μg were added to the starch as substrate and the enzyme mixture. After 5min the enzymes activity were arrested and estimated using spectroscopically. The result showed that all the concentrations of the fucoidan were inhibited both α-amylase and α-glucosidase. When the concentration of fucoidan was increased from 25 to 100μg, the inhibitory effect of the enzyme also increased. From the present report, it was concluded that low concentration of fucoidan has minimum anti-diabetic effect and the high concentration of fucoidan has the maximum anti-diabetic effect. The enzyme inhibiting activity of fucoidan was quite variable, depending on the concentration of fucoidan on the targeted enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase.
KEY WORDS: Anti-diabetic, α-amylase, α-glucosidase Fucoidan, Seaweeds, Padina.

ABSTRACT

A simple, precise, accurate and rapid high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of ofloxacin and satranidazole in combined dosage forms. The stationary phase used was Pre coated silica gel 60F254. The mobile phase used was a mixture of n-butanol: Methanol: Ammonia 7:3:3%v/v). The detection of spots was carried out at 315 nm. The method was validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision and specificity. The linear regression data showed a good linear relationship over a concentration range of 40 to 120 μg/spot for ofloxacin and 60 to 180 μg/spot for satranidazole. The limit of detection was found to be 4 ng and 18 ng for ofloxacin and satranidazole respectively and Limit of Quantification was found to be 8 ng and 60 ng for ofloxacin and satranidazole respectively. The proposed method can be successfully used to determine the drug content of marketed formulation.

KEY WORDS: Ofloxacin, Satranidazole, HPTLC, Validation.